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N'-Di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine (chemically referred to as N,N'-Bis(1-methylpropyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine or commercially identified as Antioxidant 445 / Antioxidant PDA) represents a pinnacle class of sterically hindered aromatic amine antioxidants and antiozonants. Characterized by its unique molecular configuration—comprising two secondary butyl groups bound symmetrically to a p-phenylenediamine core—this compound exhibits extraordinary free radical scavenging kinetics and peroxide decomposition efficiency.
As a primary chemical manufacturer operating within the Jinan Chemical Industry Park, Shandong Province, JIMPOCHEM CO., LTD delivers high-purity synthesized grades of N'-Di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine engineered specifically for high-stress operational environments. These encompass aviation jet fuel stability enhancement, motor gasoline gum inhibition, synthetic rubber (NBR, SBR, CR) ozone cracking protection, and polymer monomer polymerization inhibition during bulk maritime transport.
| Technical Parameter | Guaranteed Standard Specification | Analytical Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical Name | N,N'-Di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine / N,N'-Bis(1-methylpropyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine | IUPAC Nomenclature |
| CAS Registry Number | 101-96-2 | CAS Database Reference |
| EINECS Number | 202-992-2 | EU Inventory Reference |
| Molecular Formula / Weight | C14H24N2 / 220.35 g/mol | Mass Spectrometry (MS) |
| Active Content (Assay) | ≥ 99.0% (High-Purity Grade ≥ 99.5%) | Gas Chromatography (GC-FID) |
| Physical Appearance | Reddish-brown to dark amber clear liquid | Visual Inspection |
| Density (20°C) | 0.930 – 0.945 g/cm³ | ASTM D4052 Pycnometer |
| Refractive Index (n20/D) | 1.5300 – 1.5420 | Abbe Refractometer |
| Moisture Content (Water) | ≤ 0.10% Max | Karl Fischer Coulometric Titration |
| Crystallization Point | ≤ 10°C | Cooling Curve Analysis |
In modern petrochemistry and elastomer manufacturing, thermal oxidation and atmospheric ozone degradation present multi-billion-dollar challenges. Unstabilized fuels undergo peroxide-mediated polymerization forming insoluble gums, while synthetic elastomers experience micro-fissuring and catastrophic mechanical failure under tension.
N'-Di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine functions via a dual-action catalytic mechanism: it rapidly donates hydrogen atoms to active alkylperoxyl radicals ($\text{ROO}^\bullet$), converting them into stable hydroperoxides ($\text{ROOH}$), while concurrently forming sterically hindered nitroxide intermediates capable of cycling back to absorb additional radical species.
Approved under ASTM D1655 and DEF STAN 91-091 specifications for thermal oxidation stability in Jet A-1 and military grade turbine fuels. Prevents nozzle fouling, lacquering, and deposit formation at elevated jet engine operating temperatures.
Outperforms conventional phenolic antioxidants in static and dynamic flex fatigue tests for nitrile rubber (NBR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), and natural rubber components subjected to heavy atmospheric ozone exposure.
Acts as a ultra-potent polymerization inhibitor for reactive monomers including styrene, butadiene, acrylic esters, and vinyl chloride during long-distance maritime transit and bulk tank farm storage.
| Antioxidant / Stabilizer Type | Radical Trapping Speed ($k_a$) | High-Temp Thermal Stability | Fuel Solubility (Hydrocarbons) | Ozone Resistance Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N'-Di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine (CAS 101-96-2) | Extremely High (>10&sup7; M−¹s−¹) | Superior (>300°C stability) | 100% Miscible in all proportions | Optimal (Dynamic & Static) |
| 6PPD (CAS 793-24-8) | High | Moderate to High | High | Very High (Staining) |
| BHT (Butylated Hydroxytoluene) | Moderate | Low (Volatilizes <160°C) | Moderate | Negligible |
| 2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,6-DTBP) | Moderate | Moderate | High | Low |
At JIMPOCHEM, our production architecture for N'-Di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine represents advanced green catalytic hydrogenation. By optimizing the catalytic reductive alkylation pathway, we achieve unexcelled reaction selectivity while reducing energy consumption and hazardous waste generation.
Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) reacts with high-purity Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) under low-pressure hydrogen gas in the presence of a proprietary nano-engineered Nickel-Noble Metal fixed-bed catalyst system.
The crude reaction mixture undergoes multi-stage continuous vacuum fractionation in column stills to strip unreacted ketones, water, and mono-alkylated impurities, ensuring an active assay $\ge 99.5\%$.
To prevent premature atmospheric oxidation during storage and packaging, finished products are automatically deaerated and packaged under positive-pressure high-purity (99.999%) Nitrogen gas blankets.
Detailed guidelines for industrial engineers, fuel blenders, polymer chemists, and supply chain managers.
Application Field: Jet A, Jet A-1, Avgas 100LL, and Military Turbine Fuels (JP-4, JP-8).
Implementation Strategy: Dissolve N'-Di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine directly into refined hydrocarbon streams post-hydrotreating. Ideal dosing range is between 4.2 mg/L and 24.0 mg/L depending on olefin and mercaptan sulfur concentration.
Proven Benefit: Inhibits existent gum growth to < 7 mg/100 mL after 16 hours of accelerated oxidation testing at 100°C (ASTM D525 / ASTM D873 protocols).
Application Field: Automotive fuel hoses, industrial seals, power transmission belts, and heavy-duty industrial tires composed of NBR, SBR, and CR.
Implementation Strategy: Incorporate 1.0 to 3.5 phr (parts per hundred rubber) during the internal banbury mixing cycle before vulcanization. Combine with microcrystalline wax for synergistic surface migration.
Proven Benefit: Delays surface crack initiation under 50 pphm ozone concentrations at 40°C for over 500 hours under dynamic flex strain conditions.
Application Field: Styrene, Divinylbenzene, Isoprene, Acrylonitrile, and Acrylate Monomer bulk storage containers.
Implementation Strategy: Dosing at 10 to 50 ppm into uninhibited monomer tanks. Maintains stability during intercontinental vessel shipment under ambient temperature spikes up to 50°C.
Proven Benefit: Prevents premature pop-corn polymer formation without affecting final polymer grade quality following downstream flash distillation removal.
Application Field: High-performance turbine oils, transformer dielectric fluids, and synthetic crankcase lubricants.
Implementation Strategy: Blend at 0.1% to 0.5% w/w into synthetic ester or Group II/III mineral base stocks alongside secondary phosphite synergists.
Proven Benefit: Extends Rotary Pressure Vessel Oxidation Test (RPVOT) lifetime by > 350% compared to uninhibited base oils, preventing sludge and acid number build-up.
Global chemical procurement demands absolute operational continuity, transparent lead times, and uncompromised regulatory compliance. Located in Jinan City, Shandong Province—the heartland of China's petrochemistry cluster—JIMPOCHEM CO., LTD leverages unmatched integrated supply chain advantages.
Direct pipeline connection to regional aniline, PPD, and MEK manufacturing plants ensures uninterrupted raw material supply, shielding international buyers from global market price fluctuations.
Fully automated DCS and PLC smart control systems balance large-scale bulk continuous synthesis with flexible batch customization, guaranteeing batch-to-batch consistency across thousands of tons.
Situated within 4 hours of Qingdao and Tianjin deep-water maritime ports. Offers streamlined DG (Dangerous Goods) shipping logistics, hazardous chemical customs fast-tracking, and tank container support.
Established in 2010, JIMPOCHEM CO., LTD has grown into a world-class chemical manufacturer and designated chemical service provider. Operating over a 500-acre modern industrial facility, our corporate ethos revolves around scientific precision, environmental stewardship, and long-term customer partnerships.
Established in 2010 with dedicated fine chemical engineering focus.
Expansive industrial manufacturing footprint in Shandong.
Global logistics reach across Europe, Americas, Asia, and Oceania.
Trusted partner for multinational chemical and energy corporations.
Dedicated technical staff offering tailormade formulation adjustments, purity enhancements, solvent-free preparations, and custom blend ratios tailored to specific industry specifications.
Every single batch of N'-Di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine undergoes full GC-MS, HPLC, and KF testing. Customers can trace raw materials, production parameters, and testing logs via batch QR codes.
In accordance with global dual-carbon strategies, our facility incorporates eco-friendly continuous catalysis, advanced VOC recovery units, and certified ISO 14001 environmental management.
International trade in specialized aromatic amines requires strict adherence to global chemical regulatory frameworks. JIMPOCHEM provides full documentation suites to simplify customs clearance and site audit procedures for global buyers.
Frequently asked questions by chemical engineers, procurement officers, and regulatory compliance specialists regarding CAS 101-96-2.
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