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Triton X-100 (Chemical Formula: C14H22O(C2H4O)n where n=9-10; CAS Registry Number: 9002-93-1), systematically designated as polyethylene glycol tert-octylphenyl ether or Octoxynol-9, stands as one of the most critical non-ionic surfactants utilized in contemporary biochemistry, industrial cleaning, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and material sciences. Characterized by its hydrophobic 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl group and a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide chain, Triton X-100 exhibits an ideal Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) of 13.5. This precise molecular topology imparts extraordinary amphiphilic properties, rendering it an indispensable amphiphile for cell membrane solubilization, viral inactivation, protein isolation, and emulsion polymerization.
Triton X-100 possesses a Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) ranging between 0.2 to 0.9 mM (approximately 0.02% w/v) at 25°C. Its low CMC enables efficient micelle formation at minuscule concentrations, preserving hydrophobic active components in aqueous phases.
Exhibiting a distinct cloud point at 63°C - 69°C in 1% aqueous solution, Triton X-100 undergoes reversible phase separation upon thermal activation, a physical property leveraged extensively in cloud-point extraction (CPE) procedures.
Unlike ionic surfactants such as Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS), Triton X-100 disrupts lipid bilayers without denaturing native tertiary protein structures, making it vital for active enzyme extraction and assay stabilization.
| Physicochemical Parameter | Technical Specification Standard | Industrial Significance |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Registry Number | 9002-93-1 | Universal Chemical Identification Index |
| Chemical Name | Polyethylene glycol tert-octylphenyl ether | Octylphenol Ethoxylate (OPE) Class |
| Molecular Weight | ~624 g/mol (average for n=9.5) | Polymeric Chain Distribution Standard |
| HLB Value | 13.5 | High O/W Emulsification Capability |
| Peroxide Content | < 20 ppm (Ultra-Pure Bio-Grade) | Prevents Oxidation of Native Proteins |
| Refractive Index | 1.490 - 1.494 at 20°C | Optical Purity Verification |
Global commercial demand for Triton X-100 and high-performance octylphenol ethoxylates continues to expand across diverse industrial sectors. Supply chain managers and procurement officers must navigate stringent quality parameters while maintaining cost-effective, bulk-volume channels. As a premier manufacturer and integrated chemical vendor, JIMPOCHEM CO., LTD provides end-to-end industrial solutions optimized for diverse global requirements.
Crucial for downstream bioprocessing, Triton X-100 serves as an industry-standard agent for enveloped virus inactivation in blood plasma derivatives, recombinant proteins, and monoclonal antibody (mAb) workflows. In diagnostic assay development (ELISA, Western Blotting), it functions as a non-specific binding blocker and membrane permeabilizer.
In semiconductor manufacturing, electronic-grade surfactants with ultra-low trace metal cations (Na, K, Fe < 5 ppb) are required. Triton X-100 acts as a surface wetting agent in chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) slurries, photolithography developers, and wafer cleaning formulations to reduce surface tension without staining microstructures.
Utilized as a primary or secondary emulsifier in latex synthesis, acrylic emulsions, and architectural paint formulations. Triton X-100 stabilizes polymer particles, prevents mechanical coagulation, improves freeze-thaw stability, and enhances substrate pigment wetting.
The industrial production of Triton X-100 follows a rigorous two-step synthesis route: the catalytic alkylation of phenol with diisobutylene to form 4-tert-octylphenol, followed by base-catalyzed ethoxylation with ethylene oxide to achieve the desired polyoxyethylene chain length.
Under European Union REACH regulations, 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol ethoxylates are included on the Authorisation List (Annex XIV) due to degradation products exhibiting endocrine-disrupting properties in aquatic environments. Consequently, global buyers operating within or exporting to the EU must adhere strictly to specified authorization uses or transition toward REACH-Compliant Green Alternatives.
JIMPOCHEM Regulatory Strategy: We provide dual-track purchasing solutions:
Reactants: 4-tert-octylphenol + Ethylene Oxide (n=9-10)
Key Features: Exceptional surface tension reduction (33 dynes/cm), high optical clarity, excellent thermodynamic cloud-point behavior.
Regulatory Status: Regulated in EU (REACH Annex XIV); permitted in US TSCA, Asia-Pacific, and exempted diagnostic applications.
Reactants: Secondary Alcohol Ethoxylates / Branched Synthetic Alcohols
Key Features: Rapid aquatic aerobic degradation, zero octylphenol degradation derivatives, identical protein lysis yield in IVD assays.
Regulatory Status: 100% REACH compliant, non-SVHC, globally unrestricted commercial distribution.
As a designated global chemical vendor, JIMPOCHEM CO., LTD operates dedicated manufacturing sites adhering to strict international quality systems. Founded in 2010 and headquartered in the Chemical Industry Park of Jinan City, Shandong Province, our infrastructure encompasses over 500 acres of modern production capacity.
Our modern production facilities utilize Distributed Control Systems (DCS) to monitor reaction parameters—temperature, ethoxylation stoichiometry, pressure, and catalyst removal—in real time to guarantee tight batch-to-batch consistency.
Every batch undergoes full-spectrum analytical testing, including High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gas Chromatography (GC), Karl Fischer titration for trace moisture, and ICP-MS for heavy metal quantification.
Integrated batch tracking records raw material sourcing, reaction conditions, purification cycles, testing parameters, and logistics data, ensuring end-to-end transparency verified by third-party certifications.
Securing a reliable supply chain requires versatile packaging configurations, robust international maritime/air freight compliance, and localized customer support. JIMPOCHEM accommodates orders ranging from pilot-scale evaluation packages to full container load (FCL) industrial shipments.
100g – 1kg sealed amber HDPE bottles with inert argon headspace blanket to prevent auto-oxidation during transport.
200kg UN-rated steel or HDPE drums designed for safe mechanical handling, stacking, and long-distance ocean freight.
1,000kg Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBC) equipped with bottom discharge valves for direct integration into industrial production lines.
20,000+ kg bulk liquid ISO tanks tailored for continuous high-volume chemical manufacturing facilities.
Below are expert technical answers addressing critical search queries and procurement concerns surrounding Triton X-100 and non-ionic surfactants.
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Guided by our vision to become a leading global provider of chemical solutions, JIMPOCHEM CO., LTD delivers technical excellence, formula optimization, and custom supply chain management to clients in over 200 countries. Whether you require standard bulk Triton X-100, custom surfactants, or regulatory-compliant green replacements, our senior technical team provides end-to-end support.
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